Steam generator



Nov. 3, 1931. J KAVANAGH 1,829,863

STEAM GENERATOR Filed March 12, 1930 2 Sheets-Shee 1 A TTORNEYsTEAM'GENERAToR Filed March 12, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheer 2 4/2 flxqfi- TIIEZ.

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PAT NT JAMEsRKAVANAGH; or (:LiFFS E; NEW JERsEY,'AssIe1 Ion TCTEIEsnrnnnnn'rsn i szasea Fa ms I a p aria-Ala ennnnaron "Appl ication filed'march .12, 1930. semi No. 435,134.

Myinvention relates tothe art of generate ing steam and aims-to providea boiler of low draft loss and so arrangedthata superheater may beinstalled thereinlconveniently The novel features of thegpresent.invention will be pointed out in the appended claims. The inventionitselt,however, to gether "with further ob e'c-ts and advantages,

I0 willwbest be understood from-adetailed" des scription of a steam.generatingsystem in acf- 'cordance with my invention, and such ade-"scription will now be given of a particular embodiment ofthe inventionillustrated in the accompanying drawings in which I Fig. 1 is a verticallongitudinal. section of 7 a' transverse -drumwater-tube boiler having asuperheater and furnace 7 associated, there- I with) Fig. "2 isf'a fragentar elevation of the front ofthe boiler and superheater illustratedFig. 3" is a fragmentarysectionon the line 33;of Fig. 1 lookingin thedirection of the J arrows. i 15" V y i The boiler-andsiiperheaterinstallation illustrated ini the drawings comprisesafurlnace chamber :10 above. which is atube bank 12 designed to act asagslag screenand com p'osed of straight-tubes inclinedto the horizontaland running fro'm 'a rear header 14 upwardlyto a front header 16. Whenthe bank 12 isheated, a thermal circulation through :theltubes 'of bankl2 is'produced in the direcw tion indicated by the arrows on Fig. 1.

i steam formed therein, is returned to drum 18 50 through two sets ofcirculator nipples and f headers; One of said sets of return circulatorscomprises nipples 26 which connect with the tops of alternate headers 16and run upwardly to the roof of the boiler at which point they arecurved horizontally toward drum-18 and extend back above the forwardends of the tubes'12 to horizontal headers 28. Water and steam whichhavebeen delivered to the headers 28 by nipples 26 are delivered to thedrum .18 by "nipples 30. Intermediate the nipples 26'is a set of shorternipples 26a 'which connect the tops ofalternate headers 16 into thevbottoms of vertical headers 32. Water, and the steam therein, which haspassed 'throughheaders32is delivered to the drum 18 by nipples 30a whichrun from thetops of the headers 32up to the level of the boiler roofatwhichpoint theycurve and run horizontally to the drum18fpassin'gbetweenthe' horizontal headers 28. I I

Connected f-between alternate headers 22 7' and the headers 32 is agroup or bank of horizontally inclined straight tubes 34 and connectedbetween alternate" vertical headers 22 and the horizontal roof headers28 is a group of bent tubes'36. Tubes in bank 34 F and in-bank 36' arearranged invertical rows and those in bank34,maintain-theusualinclination throughout theirlength. Tubes 36 areparallel to tubes 34 for; approximately half their -lengthsandlthen-curve upward ,1 0 sharply so as to run substantially verticalat theirupper ends. It will be seen that thethermalcirculation throughtubes 34 comprisesthe drum 18',- nipples 20, headers 22, headers 32, andtubes 30a, whereas the ther- 5 mal circulationthroug'h tubes 36comprises the drum 18, nipples 20, headers 22, headers 28, and nipples30." Y

As the upper ends of tubes 36 are curved shar'plyupwardly, thespaceotherwise occu- 1 0 pied by these tubes at theforward end of theboiler is left vacant and advantage of this is taken to installsuperheater elements 38, 38

in'suchspace. As shown, the elements 38 are connected between headers 40and &2 5 which lie above the boiler roof, the ends of the elements 38extending; down between the horizontal portion of the nipples 26 and-30aandf'beinglooped back'an'd forth in vertical planes so asto. extend downbetween the rows i of tubes 34. "As appears from 'Fig. 3, four"superheater elements may be placed in the 7 space between each pair ofvertical rows of tubes 34. Preferably the elementsiextencl downwardly toor'slightlybelow the lower edge of the tube bank 84: so that their lowerends may contact with high temperature gases which have just passedthrough'the slag 2 screen 12; Elements 38 are, however, pro-.-

tected against overheating when vstarting the boiler'due to the factthat they are inter spersed between water tubes 34. r

1 For'controlling the flow of gases from furnacelt) to best advantaga Iha've illustratedbatfling, comprising a bafile running from the'headers145 alongtlie upper'edge'oif the tube. bank '12, for appro imately' halfthe length oif'tubes 12; at which point itconnects with a ba'flie ltirunning upwardly and some what forwardly across the tubes 34 andadjacent the forward edge 'ctthe tube-bank 'Grases'maypassthroughupwardly between thebafiie- 4'6 theiron'tof the Iboil-erandthenceacrossithe upper ends of the tubes 36', a bafiie 48* beingprovided which depends from, the roof ofthe lboile'r intermediate-theheaders 28 and. drum 18 to direct the gases downwardly across! tubes;34' and 36 and" thence upwardly between" the baflle i and the rear oftheboiler to the uptakeiiO; I

. will be seen-that the pathofftheflgases I as above described issimilar to" that of the 'standard type of'bQi'l'er hut' the-dra-ft'lossis less in my boiler than in the standard-type since th'esp'aeebetween'thetubes isgreater 7 d'u-rihg a portion of the course of thegases.

, fil's fthe superheater element-s occupy space 1 wh ch is ordinarilytaken boiler; tubesso th-atthereisno separatedraft loss chargeable tothe -superheater aS-SLlClL'.

'- It will l'ie understood that in theordinary V cross drumstraight-tube type of'boil'er'th'e f superheater' is ordinarily placedin the interdeck space-between two hanks of tubes.- Such anarrangement-"adds" to the height of the boiler so" that the-arrangement"herein" disclosedrenables asuperheaterjboiler of approie ini-atelystand'ardi-itype" to'be' installed with le'ss than'tlie usual h'eightfFurthermore'5yt-hef supports for the superheater are lower' in togetherwith a slag screenbank below the other banks and means forfcausing athermal circulation through the slag screen bank vwhen heated. I r p 3.The combination as set fort-him claim 1 together with superheaterelements interme 'diate the 'rows of the projecting bank, and

battling for directing turnacetgases upward over said superheater andthen through v upturned-endsof the ci'irired bank. V

4'. The combination as set forth in claim 1 together with a slag screenbank vlying below the other two banks, means for causing la thermal;circulation through said slag screen when heated, a superheater havingelement's lying above saldslag screen bank andintermediate' therows ofthe pro 'ecting bank, and bafliing foridirecting gases upwardly throughsa d slag screen and said superheater elements" andthen through theupper ends-t said curved bank;

'. lofoiler having sets of Vertical and a 1 set ofhorizontal headers, ajgroup-of generat- I'ng tubesQin vertlcal'rows and'connecting saidhorizontal headers to one set of said vertical headers, a groupofgenerating'tuhes in vertical r'o'w's intermediate those of'said firstgroup and proj ecting" beyond the tubes of said'firs't' group atoneen'dand connected to vertical headers at" bj'oth ends, a slag screenban-k belowsaid groups and lot theflsame length as'sa'id second groupand connected to vertical headers, a steam and water drum, nipples lconnecting" the vertical headers at one end I of both "said groupsvdirectto said drum, nipples connecting; said same end of both groupstothe headers'of said slag screen bank nipples connectingfheaders at theotherendsotsaid slag bank, some to saidhorizontal headers and some toVerticalheaders of said s'econdgroup, nipples connecting said horizontalheaders to said d'rum, and members v connecting theremaining,verticaiheaders of said-second" group to'said drum; j r

" 62' The boiler set forth in claim 5"5-together with asuperheatenhaving ele1nents'-interme= diate-thei rows of thesecond-group of tubes 7 andcahove the slag screen bank;

JA ES; F, K vANAeI-I;

cost compared-to the interd eck'typeflof'i gtal;

' lationiwhile 'theiusual?specialfinterdeclt cast iron baflle section iseliminatedl' I clalm: i

2 .v" lhe-combin ati0n as -settorth-inclaiml f]; r I

